Extract from the leaves of the ancient ginkgo tree.
Why it’s used: Traditionally used to support memory and circulation.
Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest tree species on Earth, often called a living fossil because it has changed little over millions of years. Its distinctive fan-shaped leaves turn bright yellow in autumn, and the trees are planted in streets and parks around the world, including in the UK.
In traditional Chinese practice the seeds have long been used, while modern supplements use extracts of the leaves. Ginkgo is traditionally used to support memory and circulation. Researchers have studied standardised leaf extracts extensively, particularly in older adults, with mixed and often modest results, and it has no authorised health claim.
On labels you will see ginkgo biloba leaf extract, often standardised to around 24% flavone glycosides and 6% terpene lactones. EGb 761 is the best-known standardised extract used in research. Raw ginkgo seeds and unprocessed leaf are not the same as standardised extracts and can be toxic, so supplements should always use a purified leaf extract.
3 findings behind this ingredient. Hover a card for the detail and the source.
Seven placebo-controlled trials with 2,625 outpatients taking 120 mg or 240 mg daily for 22-26 weeks were pooled. Adverse events were similar to placebo.
Nine randomised trials with 2,561 people with cognitive impairment or dementia, lasting 22-26 weeks, were pooled. Benefits were mainly at 240 mg/day, with no important safety concerns.
188 healthy adults aged 45-56 took 240 mg EGb 761 or placebo once daily for 6 weeks. Immediate and delayed recall improved; a route-recognition test did not.
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Speak to your GP or pharmacist first. Ginkgo may increase bleeding risk when taken with anticoagulants such as warfarin, antiplatelet medicines or NSAIDs such as ibuprofen. It is also usually stopped before planned surgery for the same reason.
EGb 761 is a specific standardised ginkgo leaf extract used in many research studies. It is standardised to set levels of flavone glycosides and terpene lactones and processed to remove unwanted compounds. Other extracts may follow a similar standard.
Raw or unprocessed ginkgo seeds can be toxic and should not be eaten. Supplements use purified extracts of the leaves, which are a different thing. Stick to standardised leaf extracts from a reputable source.
Information only, not medical advice. If you take medication, are pregnant or breastfeeding, speak to your GP or pharmacist first.
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