Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest tree species on Earth, often called a living fossil because it has changed little over millions of years. Its distinctive fan-shaped leaves turn bright yellow in autumn, and the trees are planted in streets and parks around the world, including in the UK.
In traditional Chinese practice the seeds have long been used, while modern supplements use extracts of the leaves. Ginkgo is traditionally used to support memory and circulation. Researchers have studied standardised leaf extracts extensively, particularly in older adults, with mixed and often modest results, and it has no authorised health claim.
On labels you will see ginkgo biloba leaf extract, often standardised to around 24% flavone glycosides and 6% terpene lactones. EGb 761 is the best-known standardised extract used in research. Raw ginkgo seeds and unprocessed leaf are not the same as standardised extracts and can be toxic, so supplements should always use a purified leaf extract.