A molecule found naturally in skin and the fluid that cushions joints.
Why it’s used: Holds many times its weight in water, keeping tissues hydrated.
Hyaluronic acid, sometimes called hyaluronan or sodium hyaluronate, is a large sugar-based molecule found throughout the body. It is especially concentrated in skin and in the synovial fluid that cushions and lubricates joints. Its standout property is its ability to hold a great deal of water, which keeps tissues plump and hydrated.
The body makes its own hyaluronic acid, and levels in skin tend to fall with age. Supplements are made in two main ways: extracted from rooster combs, which are naturally rich in it, or produced by bacterial fermentation, which gives a source suitable for people avoiding animal ingredients. Labels may also mention molecular weight, as products range from low to high.
Oral hyaluronic acid is sold as capsules, tablets and liquids, often in skin or joint formulas with collagen and vitamin C. Researchers have studied it in small trials looking at skin moisture and joint comfort. EFSA reviewed a claim that it protects skin from dehydration and found the evidence did not establish it, so no health claim is authorised.
3 findings behind this ingredient. Hover a card for the detail and the source.
Meta-analysis of 7 randomised controlled trials of oral hyaluronic acid versus placebo. Hydration, elasticity and wrinkle depth improved significantly; firmness, wrinkle volume and water loss trended better but were not significant.
Double-blind randomised trial in 129 women of different ages and skin types. Hyaluronic acid improved skin hydration from 2 to 8 weeks, skin tone from 4 to 8 weeks and epidermal thickness at 12 weeks.
Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 40 healthy adults aged 35 to 64 taking 120 mg hyaluronic acid a day for 12 weeks. Wrinkles, stratum corneum water content, water loss and elasticity improved versus placebo.
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Researchers think part of it is broken down in the gut, and some fragments are absorbed and distributed through the body. Small trials have measured skin moisture after taking it, with some positive results, but the evidence is not yet strong enough for an authorised health claim.
It depends on the source. Some supplements use hyaluronic acid from rooster combs, while others use bacterial fermentation, which contains no animal ingredients. Check the label or ask the manufacturer if you follow a vegan diet or have a poultry allergy.
Sodium hyaluronate is the salt form of hyaluronic acid. It is more stable and easier to work with, so it is common in supplements and skincare. Once dissolved in the body, it behaves essentially the same way as hyaluronic acid.
Videos from doctors, research scientists and registered dietitians, for general education. They are independent of Nutra Formulations, do not refer to our products and are not medical advice for you.
How to Use Hyaluronic Acid: How to Layer It and Everything You Need to Know
Dr Aanchal Panth, MD, dermatologist · Dr. Aanchal MD on YouTube
Does Hyaluronic Acid Actually Work in Skincare? Common Mistakes
Dr Vanita Rattan, MBBS · Dr. Vanita Rattan on YouTube
Information only, not medical advice. If you take medication, are pregnant or breastfeeding, speak to your GP or pharmacist first.
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