A major structural component of cartilage.
Why it’s used: Helps cartilage retain water and resist compression.
Chondroitin, usually sold as chondroitin sulphate, is one of the main structural components of cartilage. It is a long, chain-like molecule that attracts and holds water, which helps cartilage stay springy and resist compression when joints take weight. The body makes its own chondroitin from simpler building blocks, including glucosamine.
Supplement chondroitin is extracted from animal cartilage, typically from cattle (bovine), pigs, chickens or sharks, and the source affects the exact structure of the molecule. Because it is an animal product, it is not suitable for vegetarians or vegans, and quality can vary between manufacturers, so look for products that state the source and purity.
Chondroitin is sold in capsules and tablets, very often alongside glucosamine in combined joint formulas. Researchers have studied it in many trials, with mixed results, and NICE does not recommend glucosamine or chondroitin products for osteoarthritis. It remains a popular food supplement for people who want to support their joints alongside regular movement.
3 findings behind this ingredient. Hover a card for the detail and the source.
The review included 43 randomised trials with over 9,000 participants. Pain improved by about 8 points on a 0-100 scale in studies under six months; most trials were low quality.
A meta-analysis of 18 placebo-controlled trials found reduced pain and improved function, though results were inconsistent; pharmaceutical-grade products performed better in low-bias studies.
604 patients with knee osteoarthritis took 800 mg/day chondroitin sulphate, 200 mg/day celecoxib or placebo for 182 days. Chondroitin improved pain and function scores versus placebo.
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Supplement chondroitin is extracted from animal cartilage, usually from cattle, pigs, chickens or sharks. The label should state the source. Because it is animal-derived, chondroitin is not suitable for vegans or vegetarians, and people avoiding particular animals should check carefully.
They are often combined because both are components of cartilage, and several large trials tested them together. The evidence for the combination is mixed, and NICE does not recommend these products for osteoarthritis. Taking them together is common practice rather than essential.
Yes, potentially. Glucosamine and chondroitin, particularly in combination, have been associated with increased bleeding risk and changes in INR in people taking warfarin. Speak to your GP or anticoagulation clinic before starting chondroitin if you take any blood thinner.
Videos from doctors, research scientists and registered dietitians, for general education. They are independent of Nutra Formulations, do not refer to our products and are not medical advice for you.
What Science Actually Says About Glucosamine and Chondroitin Benefits
Dr Jeffrey Peng, MD, sports medicine / nonoperative orthopedics · Jeffrey Peng MD on YouTube
Are Glucosamine and Chondroitin Helpful for Osteoarthritis?
Dr Andrea Furlan, MD, PhD, physiatrist (pain medicine) · Dr. Andrea Furlan on YouTube
Information only, not medical advice. If you take medication, are pregnant or breastfeeding, speak to your GP or pharmacist first.
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